1. Maintain diversity and redundancy

2. Manage connectivity

3. Manage slow variables and feedbacks

4. Foster complex adaptive systems thinking

5. Encourage learning

6. Broaden participation

7. Promote polycentric governance

When these principles of Nature are applied, Earth’s human and ecological systems gain resilience to changes or stressors. Resiliency is important as climate change continues to increase the frequency and severity of these system changes.

A resilience approach to sustainable development investigates how systems of people and Nature (social-ecological systems) can best be managed to ensure a sustainable and resilient supply of the essential ecosystem services on which humanity depends.

pathways:

• Stockholm Resilience Center / Research / Applying resilience thinking